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<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5">类</td></tr>
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<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><strong class="selflink"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::path</span></span></strong></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="filesystem_error.html" title="cpp/filesystem/filesystem error"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::filesystem_error</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="directory_entry.html" title="cpp/filesystem/directory entry"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::directory_entry</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="directory_iterator.html" title="cpp/filesystem/directory iterator"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::directory_iterator</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="recursive_directory_iterator.html" title="cpp/filesystem/recursive directory iterator"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::recursive_directory_iterator</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="file_status.html" title="cpp/filesystem/file status"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::file_status</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
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<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="space_info.html" title="cpp/filesystem/space info"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::space_info</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="file_type.html" title="cpp/filesystem/file type"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::file_type</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="perms.html" title="cpp/filesystem/perms"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::perms</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="perm_options.html" title="cpp/filesystem/perm options"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::perm_options</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="copy_options.html" title="cpp/filesystem/copy options"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::copy_options</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="directory_options.html" title="cpp/filesystem/directory options"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::directory_options</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="file_time_type.html" title="cpp/filesystem/file time type"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::file_time_type</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
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<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5">函数</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-col-table"><td><div><table class="t-nv-begin" cellpadding="0" style="">
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="absolute.html" title="cpp/filesystem/absolute"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::absolute</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="canonical.html" title="cpp/filesystem/canonical"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::canonical</span><span>filesystem::weakly_canonical</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="relative.html" title="cpp/filesystem/relative"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::relative</span><span>filesystem::proximate</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="copy.html" title="cpp/filesystem/copy"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::copy</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="copy_file.html" title="cpp/filesystem/copy file"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::copy_file</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="copy_symlink.html" title="cpp/filesystem/copy symlink"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::copy_symlink</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="create_directory.html" title="cpp/filesystem/create directory"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::create_directory<br>filesystem::create_directories</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="create_hard_link.html" title="cpp/filesystem/create hard link"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::create_hard_link</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="create_symlink.html" title="cpp/filesystem/create symlink"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::create_symlink<br>filesystem::create_directory_symlink</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="current_path.html" title="cpp/filesystem/current path"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::current_path</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
</table></div></td><td><div><table class="t-nv-begin" cellpadding="0" style="">
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="exists.html" title="cpp/filesystem/exists"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::exists</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="equivalent.html" title="cpp/filesystem/equivalent"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::equivalent</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="file_size.html" title="cpp/filesystem/file size"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::file_size</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="hard_link_count.html" title="cpp/filesystem/hard link count"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::hard_link_count</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="last_write_time.html" title="cpp/filesystem/last write time"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::last_write_time</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="permissions.html" title="cpp/filesystem/permissions"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::permissions</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="read_symlink.html" title="cpp/filesystem/read symlink"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::read_symlink</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="remove.html" title="cpp/filesystem/remove"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::remove<br>filesystem::remove_all</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="rename.html" title="cpp/filesystem/rename"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::rename</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="resize_file.html" title="cpp/filesystem/resize file"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::resize_file</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="space.html" title="cpp/filesystem/space"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::space</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="status.html" title="cpp/filesystem/status"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::status<br>filesystem::symlink_status</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="temp_directory_path.html" title="cpp/filesystem/temp directory path"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::temp_directory_path</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
</table></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5">文件类型</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-col-table"><td><div><table class="t-nv-begin" cellpadding="0" style="">
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="is_block_file.html" title="cpp/filesystem/is block file"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::is_block_file</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="is_character_file.html" title="cpp/filesystem/is character file"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::is_character_file</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="is_directory.html" title="cpp/filesystem/is directory"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::is_directory</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="is_empty.html" title="cpp/filesystem/is empty"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::is_empty</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="status_known.html" title="cpp/filesystem/status known"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::status_known</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
</table></div></td><td><div><table class="t-nv-begin" cellpadding="0" style="">
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="is_fifo.html" title="cpp/filesystem/is fifo"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::is_fifo</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="is_other.html" title="cpp/filesystem/is other"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::is_other</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="is_regular_file.html" title="cpp/filesystem/is regular file"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::is_regular_file</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="is_socket.html" title="cpp/filesystem/is socket"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::is_socket</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="is_symlink.html" title="cpp/filesystem/is symlink"><span class="t-lines"><span>filesystem::is_symlink</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
</table></div></td></tr>
</table></div><div></div></div></div></div><div class="t-navbar-sep"> </div><div class="t-navbar-head"><strong class="selflink"><tt>std::filesystem::path</tt></strong><div class="t-navbar-menu"><div><div><table class="t-nv-begin" cellpadding="0" style="">
<tr class="t-nv-h1"><td colspan="5"> 常量</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="path/format.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/format"><span class="t-lines"><span>path::native_format</span><span>path::generic_format</span><span>path::auto_format</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h1"><td colspan="5"> 成员函数</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-col-table"><td><div><table class="t-nv-begin" cellpadding="0" style="">
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="path/path.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/path"><span class="t-lines"><span>path::path</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="path/~path.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/~path"><span class="t-lines"><span>path::~path</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="path/operator%3D.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/operator="><span class="t-lines"><span>path::operator=</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="path/assign.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/assign"><span class="t-lines"><span>path::assign</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="path/append.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/append"><span class="t-lines"><span>path::append</span><span>path::operator /=</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="path/concat.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/concat"><span class="t-lines"><span>path::concat</span><span>path::operator +=</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="path/clear.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/clear"><span class="t-lines"><span>path::clear</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="path/make_preferred.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/make preferred"><span class="t-lines"><span>path::make_preferred</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="path/remove_filename.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/remove filename"><span class="t-lines"><span>path::remove_filename</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="path/replace_filename.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/replace filename"><span class="t-lines"><span>path::replace_filename</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="path/replace_extension.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/replace extension"><span class="t-lines"><span>path::replace_extension</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="path/swap.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/swap"><span class="t-lines"><span>path::swap</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="path/compare.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/compare"><span class="t-lines"><span>path::compare</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="path/begin.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/begin"><span class="t-lines"><span>path::begin</span><span>path::end</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
</table></div></td><td><div><table class="t-nv-begin" cellpadding="0" style="">
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="path/native.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/native"><span class="t-lines"><span>path::c_str</span><span>path::native</span><span>path::operator string_type</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="path/string.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/string"><span class="t-lines"><span>path::string</span><span>path::u8string</span><span>path::u16string</span><span>path::u32string</span><span>path::wstring</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="path/generic_string.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/generic string"><span class="t-lines"><span>path::generic_string</span><span>path::generic_u8string</span><span>path::generic_u16string</span><span>path::generic_u32string</span><span>path::generic_wstring</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="path/lexically_normal.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/lexically normal"><span class="t-lines"><span>path::lexically_normal</span><span>path::lexically_relative</span><span>path::lexically_proximate</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
</table></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5">路径分解</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-col-table"><td><div><table class="t-nv-begin" cellpadding="0" style="">
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="path/root_name.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/root name"><span class="t-lines"><span>path::root_name</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="path/root_directory.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/root directory"><span class="t-lines"><span>path::root_directory</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="path/root_path.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/root path"><span class="t-lines"><span>path::root_path</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="path/relative_path.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/relative path"><span class="t-lines"><span>path::relative_path</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="path/parent_path.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/parent path"><span class="t-lines"><span>path::parent_path</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="path/filename.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/filename"><span class="t-lines"><span>path::filename</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="path/stem.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/stem"><span class="t-lines"><span>path::stem</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="path/extension.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/extension"><span class="t-lines"><span>path::extension</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="path/empty.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/empty"><span class="t-lines"><span>path::empty</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
</table></div></td><td><div><table class="t-nv-begin" cellpadding="0" style="">
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="path/has_path.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/has path"><span class="t-lines"><span>path::has_root_path</span><span>path::has_root_name</span><span>path::has_root_directory</span><span>path::has_relative_path</span><span>path::has_parent_path</span><span>path::has_filename</span><span>path::has_stem</span><span>path::has_extension</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="path/is_absrel.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/is absrel"><span class="t-lines"><span>path::is_absolute</span><span>path::is_relative</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
</table></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h1"><td colspan="5">非成员函数</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="path/swap2.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/swap2"><span class="t-lines"><span>swap(path)</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="path/hash_value.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/hash value"><span class="t-lines"><span>hash_value</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="path/operator_cmp.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/operator cmp"><span class="t-lines"><span>operator==</span><span>operator!=</span><span>operator&lt;</span><span>operator&lt;=</span><span>operator&gt;</span><span>operator&gt;=</span><span>operator&lt;=&gt;</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 前)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 前)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 前)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 前)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 前)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="path/operator_slash.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/operator slash"><span class="t-lines"><span>operator/</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="path/operator_ltltgtgt.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/operator ltltgtgt"><span class="t-lines"><span>operator&lt;&lt;</span><span>operator&gt;&gt;</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="path/u8path.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/u8path"><span class="t-lines"><span>u8path</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
</table></div><div></div></div></div></div><div class="t-navbar-sep"> </div></div>
<table class="t-dcl-begin"><tbody>
<tr class="t-dsc-header">
<td> <div>定义于头文件 <code><a href="../header/filesystem.html" title="cpp/header/filesystem">&lt;filesystem&gt;</a></code>
 </div></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dcl t-since-cxx17">
<td> <div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">class</span> path<span class="sy4">;</span></span></div></td>
<td class="t-dcl-nopad">  </td>
<td> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx17">(C++17 起)</span> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dcl-sep"><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<p>类型 <code>path</code> 的对象表示文件系统上的路径。只有路径的语法外观得到处理：路径名可能表示不存在的路径，或甚至不允许存在于当前文件系统或操作系统的路径。
</p><p>路径名拥有下列语法：
</p>
<ol><li> <span class="t-spar">根名</span><span class="t-mark">(可选)</span> ：标识具有多根的文件系统（如 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="st0">"C:"</span></span></span> 或 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="st0">"//myserver"</span></span></span> ）的根。有歧义的情况下，将组成合法 <span class="t-spar">根名</span> 的最长序列当做 <span class="t-spar">根名</span> 。标准库可以在 OS API 所了解的 <span class="t-spar">根名</span> 外，定义额外的 <span class="t-spar">根名</span> 。
</li><li> <span class="t-spar">根目录</span><span class="t-mark">(可选)</span> ：目录分隔符，若存在，则标记此路径为<i>绝对</i>。若缺失（且异于根名的首元素是文件名），则路径为<i>相对</i>且要求另一路径作为解决此文件名的起始位置。
</li><li> 零或多个下列者：
</li></ol>
<dl><dd><ul><li> <span class="t-spar">文件名</span> ：不由目录分隔符或偏好目录分隔符组成的字符序列（操作系统或文件系统可能加上附加限制）。此名称可能标识一个文件、硬链接或目录。辨别二种特殊的 <span class="t-spar">文件名</span> ：
</li></ul>
<dl><dd><ul><li> <span class="t-spar">点</span> ：由单个点字符 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">.</span></span> 构成的文件名是指代当前目录的目录名
</li><li> <span class="t-spar">点点</span> ：由二个点字符 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">..</span></span> 构成的文件名是指代亲目录的目录名。
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<ul><li> <span class="t-spar">目录分隔符</span> ：正斜杠字符 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="sy2">/</span></span></span> 或作为 <code>path::preferred_separator</code> 提供的另一种字符。若重复此字符，则它被处理成单个目录分隔符： <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="sy2">/</span>usr<span class="co1">///////lib</span></span></span> 与 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="sy2">/</span>usr<span class="sy2">/</span>lib</span></span> 相同
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<p>路径能以下列算法<i>正常化</i>：
</p>
<ol><li> 若路径为空，则停止（空路径的正常形式是空路径）
</li><li> 替换每个 <span class="t-spar">目录分隔符</span> （可以由多重斜杠组成）为单个 <code>path::preferred_separator</code> 。
</li><li> 替换 <span class="t-spar">根名</span> 中的每个斜杠字符为 <code>path::preferred_separator</code> 。
</li><li> 移除每个 <span class="t-spar">点</span> 和立即后随的 <span class="t-spar">目录分隔符</span> 。
</li><li> 移除每个立即后随 <span class="t-spar">目录分隔符</span> 和一个 <span class="t-spar">点点</span> 的非 <span class="t-spar">点点</span> 文件名，还有立即跟随的 <span class="t-spar">目录分隔符</span> 。
</li><li> 若存在 <span class="t-spar">根目录</span> ，则移除立即跟随它们的所有 <span class="t-spar">点点</span> 及任何 <span class="t-spar">目录分隔符</span> 。
</li><li> 若最终文件名是 <span class="t-spar">点点</span> ，则移除任何尾随的 <span class="t-spar">目录分隔符</span> 。
</li><li> 若路径为空，则添加一个 <span class="t-spar">点</span> （ <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">.<span class="sy2">/</span></span></span> 的正常形式是 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">.</span></span> ）
</li></ol>
<p>路径可由 <span class="t-lc"><a href="path/begin.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/begin">begin()</a></span> 与 <span class="t-lc"><a href="path/begin.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/begin">end()</a></span> 函数返回的迭代器逐元素遍历，这会以通用格式查看路径，并在根名、根目录及后继文件名元素上迭代（跳过目录分隔符，除了标识根目录者）。若路径中的最后元素是目录分隔符，则最后的迭代器将解引用为空元素。
</p><p>调用任何的 <code>path</code> 非 const 成员函数会令所有引用该对象元素的迭代器非法。
</p><p>若 OS 使用异于上述可移植<i>通用</i>语法的<i>原生</i>语法，则库函数被定义为接受“受检测格式”，以接受两种格式的路径名：当且仅当受检测格式匹配通用格式，但不为操作系统作为原生路径接受，才采用受检测格式参数。原生格式在目录路径名和文件路径名有别的 OS 上，若通用路径名以目录分隔符终止，则将它当做目录路径，否则当做常规文件。
</p><p>任何情况下， path 类表型如同它以原生格式存储路径名，并自动于所需场合转换它为通用格式（每个成员函数都指定它转译的路径格式）
</p><p>POSIX 系统上，通用格式就是原生格式，并且没有必要区别或转换它们。
</p><p>路径可隐式转换自及转换成 <span class="t-lc"><a href="../string/basic_string.html" title="cpp/string/basic string">std::basic_string</a></span> ，这使得在文件 API 上使用它们可行，例如作为到 <span class="t-lc"><a href="../io/basic_ifstream/open.html" title="cpp/io/basic ifstream/open">std::ifstream::open</a></span> 的参数
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.88.90.E5.91.98.E7.B1.BB.E5.9E.8B.E4.B8.8E.E5.B8.B8.E9.87.8F">成员类型与常量</span></h3>
<table class="t-dsc-begin">

<tr class="t-dsc-sep">
<td colspan="2">  
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-dsc-hitem">
<td>  类型
</td>
<td>  定义
</td></tr>


<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <code>value_type</code>
</td>
<td>  文件系统原生编码所用的字符类型： POSIX 上为 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">char</span></span></span> ， Windows 上为 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">wchar_t</span></span></span>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <code>string_type</code>
</td>
<td>  <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><a href="../string/basic_string.html"><span class="kw1228">std::<span class="me2">basic_string</span></span></a><span class="sy1">&lt;</span>value_type<span class="sy1">&gt;</span></span></span>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <code>const_iterator</code>
</td>
<td>   <code>value_type</code> 为 <code>path</code> 的常<a href="../named_req/BidirectionalIterator.html" title="cpp/named req/BidirectionalIterator"><i>遗留双向迭代器</i> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(LegacyBidirectionalIterator)</span> </a>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <code>iterator</code>
</td>
<td>  <code>const_iterator</code> 的别名
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="path/format.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/format"> <span class="t-lines"><span>format</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>   确定如何转译路径名的字符串表示
<p>亦定义下列枚举项：
</p>
<table class="t-dsc-begin">

<tr class="t-dsc-sep">
<td colspan="2">  
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-dsc-hitem">
<td>  常量
</td>
<td>  解释
</td></tr>


<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <a href="path/format.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/format"><tt>native_format</tt></a>
</td>
<td>  原生路径格式
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <a href="path/format.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/format"><tt>generic_format</tt></a>
</td>
<td>  通用路径格式
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <a href="path/format.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/format"><tt>auto_format</tt></a>
</td>
<td>  实现定义格式，可能处自动检测
</td></tr>
</table> <br> <span class="t-mark">(枚举)</span>
</td></tr>
</table>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.88.90.E5.91.98.E5.B8.B8.E9.87.8F">成员常量</span></h3>
<table class="t-dsc-begin">

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-dsc-small">constexpr value_type</span> preferred_separator</span></span></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-cmark">[静态]</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>  在可移植的 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="sy2">/</span></span></span> 之外可用的另一种目录分隔符。 Windows 上它是反斜杠字符 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">\</span></span> 。 POSIX 上它是与可移植分隔符相同的斜杠 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="sy2">/</span></span></span>  <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开静态成员常量)</span> </td></tr>
</table>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.88.90.E5.91.98.E5.87.BD.E6.95.B0">成员函数</span></h3>
<table class="t-dsc-begin">

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div t-dsc-member-nobold-div"><div><a href="path/path.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/path"> <span class="t-lines"><span>(构造函数)</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  构造一个 <code>path</code> <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div t-dsc-member-nobold-div"><div><a href="path/~path.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/~path"> <span class="t-lines"><span>(析构函数)</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  销毁 <code>path</code> 对象 <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="path/operator%3D.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/operator="> <span class="t-lines"><span>operator=</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  赋值另一个路径 <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="path/assign.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/assign"> <span class="t-lines"><span>assign</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  赋值内容 <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>


<tr>
<td colspan="2"> <h5> <span class="mw-headline" id=".E8.BF.9E.E6.8E.A5">  连接 </span></h5>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="path/append.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/append"> <span class="t-lines"><span>append</span><span>operator/=</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  添加元素到带目录分隔符的路径 <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="path/concat.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/concat"> <span class="t-lines"><span>concat</span><span>operator+=</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  连接二个路径而不加入目录分隔符 <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>


<tr>
<td colspan="2"> <h5> <span class="mw-headline" id=".E4.BF.AE.E6.94.B9.E5.99.A8">  修改器 </span></h5>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="path/clear.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/clear"> <span class="t-lines"><span>clear</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  擦除内容 <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="path/make_preferred.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/make preferred"> <span class="t-lines"><span>make_preferred</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  转换目录分隔符为偏好的目录分隔符 <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="path/remove_filename.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/remove filename"> <span class="t-lines"><span>remove_filename</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  移除文件名路径组分 <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="path/replace_filename.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/replace filename"> <span class="t-lines"><span>replace_filename</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  以另一路径替换最末的路径组分 <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="path/replace_extension.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/replace extension"> <span class="t-lines"><span>replace_extension</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  替换扩展名 <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="path/swap.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/swap"> <span class="t-lines"><span>swap</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  交换两个路径 <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>


<tr>
<td colspan="2"> <h5> <span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.A0.BC.E5.BC.8F.E8.A7.82.E5.AF.9F.E5.99.A8">  格式观察器 </span></h5>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="path/native.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/native"> <span class="t-lines"><span>c_str</span><span>native</span><span>operator string_type</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  返回路径的原生版本 <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="path/string.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/string"> <span class="t-lines"><span>string</span><span>wstring</span><span>u8string</span><span>u16string</span><span>u32string</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  返回转换到字符串的原生路径名格式 <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="path/generic_string.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/generic string"> <span class="t-lines"><span>generic_string</span><span>generic_wstring</span><span>generic_u8string</span><span>generic_u16string</span><span>generic_u32string</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  返回转换到字符串的通用路径名格式 <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>


<tr>
<td colspan="2"> <h5> <span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.AF.94.E8.BE.83">  比较 </span></h5>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="path/compare.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/compare"> <span class="t-lines"><span>compare</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  以字典序比较二个路径的字典表示 <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>


<tr>
<td colspan="2"> <h5> <span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.94.9F.E6.88.90">  生成 </span></h5>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="path/lexically_normal.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/lexically normal"> <span class="t-lines"><span>lexically_normal</span><span>lexically_relative</span><span>lexically_proximate</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  转换路径到正常形式<br>转换路径到相对形式<br>转换路径到准确形式 <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>


<tr>
<td colspan="2"> <h5> <span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.88.86.E8.A7.A3">  分解 </span></h5>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="path/root_name.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/root name"> <span class="t-lines"><span>root_name</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  若存在则返回路径的根名 <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="path/root_directory.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/root directory"> <span class="t-lines"><span>root_directory</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  若存在则返回路径的根目录 <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="path/root_path.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/root path"> <span class="t-lines"><span>root_path</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  若存在则返回路径的根路径 <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="path/relative_path.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/relative path"> <span class="t-lines"><span>relative_path</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  返回相对根路径的路径 <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="path/parent_path.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/parent path"> <span class="t-lines"><span>parent_path</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  返回亲路径的路径 <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="path/filename.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/filename"> <span class="t-lines"><span>filename</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  返回文件名路径组分 <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="path/stem.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/stem"> <span class="t-lines"><span>stem</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  返回主干路径组分 <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="path/extension.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/extension"> <span class="t-lines"><span>extension</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  返回文件扩展名路径组分 <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>


<tr>
<td colspan="2"> <h5> <span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.9F.A5.E8.AF.A2">  查询 </span></h5>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="path/empty.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/empty"> <span class="t-lines"><span>empty</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  检查路径是否为空 <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="path/has_path.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/has path"> <span class="t-lines"><span>has_root_path</span><span>has_root_name</span><span>has_root_directory</span><span>has_relative_path</span><span>has_parent_path</span><span>has_filename</span><span>has_stem</span><span>has_extension</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  检查对应路径元素是否非空 <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="path/is_absrel.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/is absrel"> <span class="t-lines"><span>is_absolute</span><span>is_relative</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  检查 <span class="t-lc"><a href="path/root_path.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/root path">root_path()</a></span> 是否唯一标识文件系统位置 <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>


<tr>
<td colspan="2"> <h5> <span class="mw-headline" id=".E8.BF.AD.E4.BB.A3.E5.99.A8">  迭代器 </span></h5>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="path/begin.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/begin"> <span class="t-lines"><span>begin</span><span>end</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  访问作为元素序列的路径的迭代器 <br> <span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span> </td></tr>
</table>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E9.9D.9E.E6.88.90.E5.91.98.E5.87.BD.E6.95.B0">非成员函数</span></h3>
<table class="t-dsc-begin">

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="path/swap2.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/swap2"> <span class="t-lines"><span>swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::filesystem::path)</span></span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  交换二个路径 <br> <span class="t-mark">(函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="path/hash_value.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/hash value"> <span class="t-lines"><span>hash_value</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  计算路径对象的哈希值 <br> <span class="t-mark">(函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="path/operator_cmp.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/operator cmp"> <span class="t-lines"><span>operator==</span><span>operator!=</span><span>operator&lt;</span><span>operator&lt;=</span><span>operator&gt;</span><span>operator&gt;=</span><span>operator&lt;=&gt;</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 前)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 前)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 前)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 前)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 前)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>  以字典序比较二个路径 <br> <span class="t-mark">(函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="path/operator_slash.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/operator slash"> <span class="t-lines"><span>operator/</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  用目录分隔符连接二个路径 <br> <span class="t-mark">(函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="path/operator_ltltgtgt.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/operator ltltgtgt"> <span class="t-lines"><span>operator&lt;&lt;</span><span>operator&gt;&gt;</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  进行路径上的流输入及输出 <br> <span class="t-mark">(函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="path/u8path.html" title="cpp/filesystem/path/u8path"> <span class="t-lines"><span>u8path</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx17">(C++17)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark">(C++20 中弃用)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>  从 UTF-8 编码的源创建 <code>path</code>  <br> <span class="t-mark">(函数)</span> </td></tr>
</table>

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